Hand and analytical calculations
Equilibrium, free-body diagrams, mechanics of materials, mass and energy balances, pressure-drop calculations, order-of-magnitude checks and closed-form solutions when available.
Services · Methods · Deliverables
Required outcome first. Then choose the best path.
The required outcome is not a conclusion to impose. It is what must be decided, demonstrated, sized, corrected or delivered, with explicit acceptance criteria.
From there, we choose the simplest path that remains scientifically sufficient: hand calculation, code check, analytical model, spreadsheet, FEA, CFD or a combination of methods.
01 · OutcomeDefine what must be established
Decision, capacity, compliance, sizing, cause, modification or required deliverable.
02 · EvidenceSet the necessary criteria
Codes, limits, load cases, data, uncertainty, consequences and schedule.
03 · PhysicsRepresent the system
Free-body diagrams, load path, balances, interfaces and possible mechanisms.
04 · PathStart with the simplest sufficient method
Hand, analytical and code-based calculations or reduced models when they answer the need.
05 · RefineAdd useful complexity
FEA, dynamics, thermal analysis or CFD when interactions or spatial fields justify them.
06 · DecisionVerify, then conclude
Consistency, sensitivity, convergence where relevant, limitations, recommendations and a usable written record.
Six complementary services
A clear architecture around the outcome to establish.
Each service corresponds to a distinct family of engineering outcomes. Multidisciplinary assignments combine them without multiplying models unnecessarily.
01
Structural engineering & construction
Steel, aluminum, concrete and timber; stability, serviceability, connections, foundations, temporary works, lifting and field conditions.
To establish: capacity, stability, serviceability and necessary details established for the applicable cases.Explore structural services 02Mechanical & industrial equipment
Machines, frames, skids, tanks, silos, supports, assemblies, transportation, handling, vibration and modifications.
To establish: equipment that can operate, be transported, installed and correctly connected to its interfaces.Explore equipment services 03Seismic, dynamics & anchorage
Demand at the installation point, modal or response-spectrum analysis, supports, base plates, anchors and load-path continuity.
To establish: traceable qualification from seismic demand through supports, baseplates and anchorage.Explore seismic services 04Engineering calculations & FEA
Analytical calculations, simplified models and finite element analysis for stress, deformation, fatigue, buckling, contact and nonlinear behaviour.
To establish: the governing mechanism quantified with the simplest model that remains sufficient.Explore calculations & FEA 05Thermomechanics, thermal analysis & CFD
Balances, heat transfer, thermal expansion, thermal stress, pressure, pressure drop, flow and coupled analyses.
To establish: temperatures, pressure losses, flow and thermal effects established against the criteria.Explore thermal & CFD 06Independent review & project support
Design and calculation review, problem solving, field modifications, specialized capacity and documented recommendations.
To establish: an independent, traceable decision with discrepancies, limitations and actions clearly identified.Explore review & supportWorking methods
Choose the most direct and robust evidence.
A tool is selected only when it helps establish the required outcome, reduces a significant uncertainty or satisfies an explicit requirement.
Code and standard checks
Applicable criteria, load combinations, strength, stability, serviceability, details and operating limits interpreted in the actual project context.
Simplified models and spreadsheets
Beams, plates, spring networks, reduced thermal or hydraulic models and parametric calculations used to compare assumptions or concepts efficiently.
FEA and dynamics
Stress, deformation, contact, nonlinear behaviour, stability, fatigue, natural modes and dynamic response when geometry or interactions exceed conventional models.
Thermal analysis and CFD
Heat transfer, convection, radiation, flow, pressure and thermomechanical coupling when spatial fields influence the engineering decision.
Measurements, inspections and available data
Photos, surveys, dimensions, operating history, tests, vibration data and field observations used to constrain the model and challenge assumptions.
Level of study
The level of evidence follows the decision and its consequences.
The deliverable, acceptance criteria, margins and independent checks are defined before complexity is added to the model.
Targeted check
One precise question, explicit assumptions and a short calculation to confirm an order of magnitude, reaction, capacity or simple modification.
Design verification
Multiple load cases, code criteria, connections and interfaces documented in a calculation note or report suited to the project need.
Advanced analysis
Numerical models, interactions or coupled phenomena, sensitivity checks and detailed interpretation of the governing mechanisms.
Independent review or troubleshooting
Independent assessment of evidence, assumptions and conclusions; targeted investigation when a discrepancy, failure or field condition must be explained.
Guiding principle: the method must be capable of producing an unfavourable conclusion. A more detailed model is useful only when it changes the decision, reduces a significant uncertainty or satisfies an explicit requirement.
Deliverables
A usable answer, not just results.
The format depends on the assignment, but the conclusion must always connect assumptions, calculations, limitations and recommended actions.
Calculation note
Assumptions, load cases, equations, criteria, results and a focused conclusion.
Engineering report
Method, evidence, checks, interpretation, limitations and documented recommendations.
Details and recommendations
Modifications, reinforcement, interfaces, dimensions or fabrication and field requirements.
Concept comparison
Effect of alternatives on capacity, stiffness, stability, life, performance or risk.
Start with the required outcome
Describe what must be decided, demonstrated or delivered.
Add the known criteria, available drawings, photos or models and the target date. That is enough to determine the level of evidence and the best path forward.